Testing

Verification

Comparisons to known analytical results ASCOT5 should be able to reproduce.

Neoclassical transport

Classical transport

Collisional equilibrium and slowing-down distribution

Conservation of \(\mu\), \(E_\mathrm{kin}\), and \(P_\mathrm{ctor}\)

Guiding center transformation

Guiding center drifts and gyro-motion

Benchmarks

Comparisons to other similar codes.

Studies where ASCOT5 is compared to other codes.

Code	Study	Publication	Notes
SPIRAL	Alpha particle transport due to TF ripple in SPARC	S. D. Scott, et al., Fast-ion physics in SPARC	Good match.

Validation

Comparisons to experiments.

Studies where ASCOT5 output is compared to experimental results

Study	Publication	Notes
NBI current drive	S. Mulas et al., *Validating neutral-beam current drive simulations in the TJ-II stellarator*	Good match with counter-injection but for the co-injection the ASCOT5 results is approximately half of the measured value.